For every practical, write a short practical record with these headings:
- Aim
- Components used
- Circuit diagram (hand-drawn, or a screenshot from Tinkercad Circuits)
- Procedure (steps)
- Program (with comments)
- Observations / results
- Conclusion and answers to the viva questions
Golden rules. (a) Disconnect power before changing wires. (b) Wire first, then code. (c) Test one part at a time. (d) If something does not work, check power, ground, pin numbers and component orientation, in that order.